Ingredient |
Quantity |
Substitute |
Flour |
1 TBSP. |
1⁄2 TBSP. cornstarch or arrowroot starch |
Cake Flour |
1 cup |
7⁄8 cup all-purpose hard wheat flour |
Corn Syrup |
1 cup |
1 cup sugar plus 1⁄4 cup liquid when used to replace one half sugar in recipe |
Honey |
1 cup |
11⁄4 cups sugar plus 1⁄4 cup liquid |
Chocolate |
1 sq. (1 oz.) |
3 TBSP. cocoa plus 1 TBSP. fat |
Butter |
1 cup |
7⁄8 - 1 cup hydrogenated fat plus 1⁄2 tsp. salt |
Margarine |
1 cup |
1⁄3 cup butter plus approx. 3⁄4 cup milk |
Coffee Cream (20%) |
1 cup |
1 cup reconstituted N.F. dry milk plus 2 tsp. margarine |
Heavy Cream (40%) |
1 quart |
3⁄4 cup powdered milk plus 33⁄4 cups water |
Whole Milk |
1 quart |
1⁄2 cups milk crystals plus 33⁄4 cups water |
Sour Milk or Butter Milk |
1 cup |
1 TBSP. vinegar or lemon juice plus sweet milk to make 1 cup. Let stand 5 minutes |
Baking Powder |
1 tsp |
– 1⁄4 tsp. baking soda plus 1⁄2 cup fully soured milk or buttermilk
– 1⁄4 tsp. baking soda plus 1⁄2 TBSP. vinegar or lemon juice in 1⁄2 cup sweet milk
– 1⁄4 tsp. baking soda plus 1⁄4 to 1⁄2 cup molasses |